Joist



Jan. 27, 1931. A. JJBATES ET AL JOIS 'JZ Filed Oct. 15. 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 21, 1931'. A. J. BATES ET AL 1,190,495

JOIST Filed 001;. 15, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 27, 1931. A. J. BATES ET AL 1,790,495

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JOIST Filed Oct. 15, 1926 5 Sheets-Skeet 4 7 7 j 6 v T g IIIIHHHHHIHHIHH1IHHHHIHI[Hilllli lmmmin m m L I W j a6 a; 7 a

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uMMI e VII/l Patented Jan. 27; 1931 UNITED-STATES Pm mma ALBERT J. .BArEsAnn ALBERT J. BATES, an, or cnIcAeoQ rumors. Ass IGNoR-s, BY

MESNE Assrsn srnnrs, r0 BATE-S nxrAnnnnsrnnr. CQRPORATION,'OF EAST orn- CAGQ, INDIANA, A couroR TIoN or DE A ARE JoIs'rr Application filedOet ober 15, 1926. Serial No. 141,702.

besu pported by thewa'llor structure and the lower member will be in suspension; which is'formed of upper and lower longitudinal memberswith integral tru'ss-members betweenthem and is: provided with struts for diverting some of the vertical stress. from the upp'er to the lower member; in whichthe top of the upper longitudinal member isv of sufficient heightxadjaoent its'ends tov leave spaces between themJand over the wall or supporting structure oniwhich "the joist-s are laid for the convenient laying. of pipes and wires which areto pass throughthe walls; in which the upper longitudinal members have their ends'provided. with suitable bearing plates'for engaging a wall or other support;

in which the web of the beam-under the ends of the upper longitudinal member is of sufficient height to efficientlysupport the oist; and in which the lowerlongitudinal member is terminated so asto .be -in'suspension' and has means to extend across the gap between A The invention consists in; the several novel features hereinafter set forth and more particularly defined by the claims at the conclusion hereof. a a

In the drawings:. Fig. 1 is a perspective showing a series ofjoists embodyingthe preferred form of the invention in use and supported by a wall. 2 is a view, showinga similar joist supported on anI-beam; Fig. 3

is a section showing the structure set: forth in Fig. 1 with a completed wall; ceiling and floor. Fig. 4 is a section on line 4 4*of F'ig.

Fig. 5 is aperspective of the lath-support- 1 ing plate'on the joist. Fig. 5 is an elevation of, an I-beam from which the joist is formed.

tile floor or ceiling.

Fig. 5 is a view showing the manner of slitting the beam before it has been expanded. Fig. 5? is an elevation of the beam'after it has been expanded. Fig. 5' is an elevation of a complete finished joist. Fig. 6 i's'a vertical section,fishowing a pairrof joists of diiferent sizes supported on an 'Iabeam. EFig. 7 is a section on line-7 70f. Fig. 6. 'Fig. 7? is a .section on line 7 I of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is an elevation showing a modified form: of the in- VGIliJiiOII in which angle plates are riveted to the-web. of jjoists'forluse where they are to be 'riveted to supporting beams or girders. Fig. 9is a section on line 9 9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is an elevation of another modification, in which angular plates forattachment to the girdersare weldedto the ends of the joists.

Fig. 12 is a view illustrating the joists embodying the preferred f'ormof the invention,

Fig. 11 is a section on line 11,'l1 of Fig. 10. i

supported by angle plates on an I-beam' or girder. Fig. 13 is a modification showing the joists cut away so their top flanges will be ona level with the top of a supporting girder or beam. Fig-His a transverse section across oists embedded in acon'crete floor or ceillng. Fig. 15 1s a transverse SGCtlOIl of joists W1th a The invention is'exemplified in a oist coinprising a longitud nal upper member comprising a vertical web a and a horizontal fiangeq; projecting laterally. from both sides thereof and forming the-top of-the joist; a

lower longitudinal member comprising a vertical web a and a lateral flange a, which forms the bottom of the joist a series of substantially parallel diagonal truss members a between. the "vertical webs. of the" upper and lower members and an oppositely extending, series of diagonalor truss members a between the webs of the upperand lower members and medially united with the. diagonal members a All of these members of the joist are integral and arezmade of an I-beam or bar A shown. in Fig. 5?, with upper and lower flanges corresponding to the flanges a anda. In the manufacture of the joist, the web of the beam is first sheared to form an upper 'seriesof longitudinally aligned slits a -W'ith bonds or'intact portions A between them, a lower corresponding series of aligned slits a with similar bonds between theln and a central or intermediate series of slits a which are staggered relatively to the slits a and a to leave bonds A longitudinally midway between the ends of the slits a and a These slits are arranged so that the central series of slits a will intersect the ends of the beam, and the metal of the web between the central slit and the flanges is left uncut to points some distance inwardly of the ends. Next, the slitted beam is heated and then the upper and lower flanges are drawn apart in parallelism by suitable expanding mechanism to the shape shown in Fig. 5. This expanding operation will stretch and deflect the strands of the web formed by the slits into the diagonal members a and or, leaving their ends joined to the web and their medial portions joined together. This forms a central series of diamond shaped openings and an upper and lower series of triangular openings in the web and permits the extent of eX- pansion of the beam to form a joist of the desired height. The slits a are spaced from the top of the bar a greater distance than the slits a are placed from the bottom of the bar to give greater vertical strength to the top member which is under the greatest compression. particularly in long joists. A sui'licient portion of the vertical web adjacent the ends of its upper longitudinal member is necessary to reinforce the upper horizontal flange vertically where it is supported. By leaving the web of the metal which is aligned with the strands between slits a and a unslitted adjacent the ends, the upper longitudinal member will be properly reinforced for this purpose. Furthermore, in the erection of buildings, it is desirable that the top of the joists should be a sutticient distance above the top of the wall at the time the joists are laid therein or above the tops of the girders on which the ends of the joists are laid, to permit pipes, conduits or wires, which are to be laid between the joists and through the walls, to be laid therein before the construction of the wall is continued. By thus forming the web portions a of the upper member adjacent the ends of the joists of this additional height, the desired space is provided for that purpose.

Struts a are placed and suitably secured as by welding between the upper and lower longitudinal members and across the diamond shaped openings nearest the ends of the joist, to act as compression members between said longitudinal members. These compression members are disposed a suitable distance from the ends of the beam to divert a portion of the stresses from the upper to the lower longitudinal member.

In an expanded trussed joist, it has been found advantageous to support the ends of the upper longitudinal member and leave the lower member in suspension, and for this purpose the lower member is sheared oft vertically on the line in Fig. 5, after the beam has been expanded, to permit the end portion a to project over or into the wall B, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, or over an I-beam B, as shown in Figs. 2, 6, 12 and 13 and so the lower longitudinal member will clear the support. This shearing will remove sutticient metal from the ends of the lower longitudinal member, so that it will be unsupported by the wall or beam, and act as a suspension member. The pieces a, sheared off the lower longitudinal members, are then welded on the bottom of the ends of the projecting por tions a of the upper member to form hearing plates a for the ends of the upper members. If desired, the web portion of the sec-.

tion a may be cut away before attaching it to the projecting portion a or, in some instances a portion thereof may be left on and welded to the bottom of the web of the projecting portion, as shown at a in Figs. 6 and 7, according to the height of the Web of the upper longitudinal member with respect to the space desired abovethe line of support. These bearing plates hold the oist against transverse rocking and prevent the. lower edge of the upper longitudinal members from cutting into the supporting wall and also increase the distance between the top of the joist and the top of the wall or beam, if necessary. The openings in the joists, resulting from expansion of the beam,

permit pipes C to extend transversely through them;

When the lower longitudinal members of the joists are left in suspension by cutting off the ends, gaps are left between said ends and the wall beam of the supporting structure. In practice, lath D is usually secured directly to the bottom flange 64 of the joists, and to provide attaching means for the lath at the gaps between the ends of the lower member of the beam and the supporting wall or girder,'plates e are formed to underlie said. flange and have their margins e bent upwardly around the edges of the flange so they will be held vertically and be slidable horizontally thereon. These plates may be thus shifted horizontally to close the gaps between the ends of the lower members of the joist and the wall or girder, which vary in practice, and provide means to which lath can be secured by wires or other suitable means, and so that the lath will sustain the plaster across the gaps.

In practice, it is sometimes desired to provide a suitable attachment for the ends of the joists to beams or girders, and to secure both the upper and lower members thereof to the support, and in such instances, angle plates f may be riveted, as at f, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, to the end portions of the upper and lower longitudinal members of the joists or angle plates f or a T-plate is welded to said members and to the portions of the diagonal members overlapped thereby, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. In Fig. 12, the ends of the joists are shown supported by angle brackets b which are riveted to the I-beam B In" Fig. 13, the upper corners of the upperlongitudinal members of the joists are cut away, as at a, and the ends of said members aresupported on angle brackets 12 which are riveted to the I-beam B This form of the invention is applicable to instances in which it is-desired to have the top faces of the joists on a level with the top of the supportingbeams, which is sometimes desirable where the floor extends continuously over them.

In Fig. 14, the joists are shown embedded in a concrete floor or ceiling 72 In this form of the invention, the concrete extends through the openings in the web of the joists and forms an interlock therewith. In Fig. 15, the floor or ceiling is formed of tile 6 supported by the joists.

The invention exemplifies a joist which is formed of a slitted expanded bar with diagonal truss-members which serve as compression and tension members to increase the elastic limit'of the joists and in which a minimum weight of metal is utilized to provide a trussed structure of maximum strength; in which provision is made for supporting the upper longitudinal members of the beam and leaving the lower longitus dinal members in suspension; in which struts are applied between the upper and lower members to divert a portion of the stresses; in which the projecting ends of the upper longitudinal members are formed of a web of.

be understood as bers to form supporting parts for the joist,

and struts disposed adjacent to the ends of the oist engaging and extending between the bonds that unite the truss members to the webportions of the longitudinal members, said struts being adapted when the joist is in'use and supported by the aforementioned integral parts of the upper member to divert a portion ofthe stresses from said upper member to the lower member.

3. A one-piece expanded metal joist comprising an upper and a lower longitudinal 'member, each comprising a vertical web and a flange, and opposltely extendmg dlagonal truss members between the longitudinal members and formed integrally with and bonded to the webs of said members, the

web of the upper longitudinal member being greater height throughout the central or intermediate portion thereof than the web of the lower, longitudinal member and having the ends thereof of still greater height and projecting outwardly to form supporting parts for the oist;

, Signed at East Chicago, Indiana, this 15th day of September, 1926.

ALBERT. J. BATES.

ALBERT J. BATES, JR.

Having thus described the invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A one-piece expanded metal joist comprising an upper and lower longitudinal member each comprising a vertical web and a flange, and oppositely extending diagonal truss members disposed between the longitudinal members and formed integrally with and bonded to'the webs of said members, the vertical web' adjacent each end of the upper CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1.7%,495. Granted January 27, 1931, to

ALBERT J. BATES and ALBERT J. BATES, JR.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered natent requiring correction as follows: Page 3, line 59, claim 1, after the word "and." insert the article a; same page, and claim, line 66, after the word "greater" insert the words length than the bonds uniting the diagonal members to the web and of greater; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 24th day of February, A. i). 1931.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

